Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles: The effect of vampire attacks on distance vector routing protocols for wireless ad hoc sensor networks

Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles

"The Effect of Vampire Attacks on Distance Vector Routing Protocols for Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks"
by A. Sanofer Nisha, V. Vaishali, T. Shivaranjani, and P. Subathra
in 2016 Second International Conference on Science Technology Engineering And Management (ICONSTEM), September 2016, pp.587-594

After careful and considered review of the content and authorship of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE's Publication Principles.

This paper is a duplication of the original text from the paper cited below. The original text was copied without attribution (including appropriate references to the original author(s) and/or paper title) and without permission.

Due to the nature of this violation, reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper, and future references should be made to the following article:

"Vampire Attacks: Draining Life from Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks"
by Eugene Y. Vasserman and Nicholas Hopper
in IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, December 2011, pp.318-332


The aim of this project is to define Vampire attacks, a new class of resource consumption attacks that use distance vector routing protocols to permanently disable ad hoc wireless sensor networks by depleting nodes' battery power. A node is permanently disabled once its battery power is exhausted; let us briefly consider nodes that recharge their batteries in the field, using either continuous charging or switching between active and recharge cycles. In the continuous charging case, power-draining attacks would be effective only if the adversary is able to consume power at least as fast as nodes can recharge. Assuming that packet processing drains at least as much energy from the victims as from the attacker, a continuously recharging adversary can keep at least one node permanently disabled at the cost of its own functionality. Dual-cycle networks are equally vulnerable to Vampires during active duty as long as the Vampire's cycle switching is in sync with other nodes. Vampire attacks may be weakened by using groups of nodes with staggered cycles: only active-duty nodes are vulnerable while the Vampire is active; nodes are safe while the Vampire sleeps. However, this defense is only effective when duty cycle groups outnumber Vampires, since it only takes one Vampire per group to carry out the attack.