Review on widely-used MPPT techniques for PV applications

There are two main drawbacks with PV plants, the high cost of PV cells and their conversion efficiency. In the I-V characteristics of PV module which is non-linear but has a unique maximum power point. To increase or to maximize the output power of photo-voltaic system Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques are used. These techniques give maximum output power, irrespective of the irradiation condition, temperature and load electrical characteristics. For the purpose of tracking the maximum power the MPPT techniques use some electronic converters. This paper presents comparative analysis of three well-known maximum power point tracking algorithms-perturb-and-observe (P&O), incremental conductance (INC), and fractional open-circuit voltage (FVoc).