Analysis of heat loss for measurement of Thomson coefficient using AC calorimetric method

We introduce an AC calorimetric technique to measure absolute Seebeck coefficient for thermoelectric metrology. The measurement of Thomson heat can only determine the Seebeck coefficient of single materials using Kelvin relation. Our heat transfer analysis in the Thomson heat measurement indicates that the use of AC current can compensate for the heat loss from the thermocouple, which is inevitable heat transfer in a contact temperature measurement. Experimental results nicely reproduce those predicted by the heat transfer analysis. Our AC calorimetric method allows us to perform accurate and simple measurements without considering the effect of heat loss.