Load Disturbance Rejection based PID controller for frequency regulation of a microgrid

This paper deals with an autonomous isolated microgrid comprising both controllable & uncontrollable sources. Like solar, wind, diesel generator (DG), aqua electrolyzer (AE), fuel cell (FC), battery energy storage system (BESS), and fly wheel (FW) are considered. Solar, wind, DG and FC are power generating source & BESS, FW, AE as energy storage element. The generated hydrogen by an AE is used as fuel for a FC. The power system frequency deviates for the sudden change in load demand and the real power generation. The output power of DG, FC, BESS, FW and power absorbed by AE is regulated by using controller such that frequency of the system is controlled. Controller used is proportional plus integral plus derivative (PID). Load Disturbance Rejection (LDR) is used for tuning of proposed hybrid system's controller gains. This uses the chien-hornes-resnick (CHR) setting with 20% overshoot. The system response of LDR method is compared with classical method and the result of LDR based controller gives better response then the classical method.