Shielding effectiveness of planar materials: (semi)-Standardized measurements from LF to μW

As operating frequencies in all kinds of applications keep increasing, the Shielding Effectiveness (SE) characterisation of materials is also expanding from low frequencies (LF) up to frequencies well above 1 GHz. Additionally, requirements with respect to energy-efficiency necessitate the use of light-weight shielding materials such as composites, especially in aerospace applications. A typical concern about composite materials is their internal homogeneity, which may result in a nearly isotropic up to a fully anisotropic material type. This paper gives an overview of (semi)-standardized measurement methodologies from LF up to the μWave (μW) region, including discussions on different SE values obtained by different methodologies and on different materials.