An Efficient Tree-Based Self-Organizing Protocol for Internet of Things

Tree networks are widely applied in sensor networks of Internet of Things (IoTs). This paper proposes an efficient tree-based self-organizing protocol (ETSP) for sensor networks of IoTs. In ETSP, all nodes are divided into two kinds: network nodes and non-network nodes. Network nodes can broadcast packets to their neighboring nodes. Non-network nodes collect the broadcasted packets and determine whether to join the network. During the self-organizing process, we use different metrics, such as number of child nodes, hop, communication distance, and residual energy to reach available sink nodes' weight; the node with max weight will be selected as a sink node. Non-network nodes can be turned into network nodes when they join the network successfully. Then, a tree-based network can be obtained one layer by one layer. The topology is adjusted dynamically to balance energy consumption and prolong network lifetime. We conduct experiments with NS2 to evaluate ETSP. Simulation results show that our proposed protocol can construct a reliable tree-based network quickly. With the network scale increasing, the self-organization time, average hop, and packet loss ratio will not increase more. Furthermore, the success rate of packet in ETSP is much higher compared with ad~hoc on demand distance vector routing and destination sequenced distance vector routing.