Load balancing technique for congestion control multipath routing in mobile ad hoc networks

Reducing energy consumption and packet loss in-volves congestion control and load balancing in MANETs. Thus, this paper introduces an efficient routing technique called the multipath load balancing technique for congestion control (MLBCC) for MANETs to efficiently balance the load among multiple paths by reducing congestion. MLBCC introduces a congestion control mechanism and a load balancing mechanism during the data transmission process. The congestion control mechanism detects the congestion by using an arrival rate and an outgoing rate at a particular time interval T. The load balancing mechanism is the selection of a gateway node by using the link cost and the path cost to efficiently distribute the load by selecting the most desirable paths. For an efficient flow of distribution, a node availability degree standard deviation parameter is introduced. Simulation results, under the network simulator-2 (NS-2), show that MLBCC improves the performance of FLMB and AOMDV in terms of the control overhead, packet delivery ratio, average delay and packet drop ratio. In addition, the results show that MLBCC efficiently balances the load of the nodes in the network.