Augmented DTN based energy efficient routing protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks

Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) is a special category of Disruption Tolerant Network (DTN) which is deviated from Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) by its intermittent connectivity, mobility pattern and high mobility of nodes. Moreover energy efficient and reliable information dissemination among the vehicles in rural area (sparse environment) is still challenging one. Thus a new routing algorithm named "Augmented DTN based Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (ADTNEER)" proposes by amalgamating various strategies like link state information, connection life time prediction and store-stay-spray mechanism. ADTNEER uses geographical angular region based routing to choose most suitable next hop thereby achieving proper network connectivity among nodes with minimum energy consumption. The proposed protocol is fortified still better by ensemble learning algorithm to predict the link state information and connection lifetime. This information gives an additional benefit to every node in taking decision on best path selection to forward multiple copy of information. The protocol is further enhanced with DTN concepts of store-stay-spray intent to achieve reliability over connection interruption. The simulation results illustrates that ADTNEER perform better than existing VANET routing protocols in terms of network energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, and number of hops used for data transmission.