Antidiabetic activity and antioxidant activity of leaf extract from mangifera caloneura Kurz

Mangifera caloneura Kurz, is a wild mango and is widely found in Thailand. Pharmacological activities of M. caloneura have not yet been reported. The present study was therefore, aimed to determine the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of 85% ethanol leaf extract from M. caloneura in rats. The antidiabetic activity of the extract was investigated in both normal and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats by giving the extract at a dose of 250 mg/kg to the rats orally and once daily for 6 weeks. The results showed that the extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased the blood glucose in the diabetic treated rats when compared to that in diabetic controls. However, the extract could not increase the body weight both in normal and diabetic rats. The extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased ALP both in normal and diabetic rats and significantly (p<0.05) decreased ALT only in the diabetic treated rats. Furthermore, the extract significantly (p<0.05) decreased monocyte in normal treated rats, but significantly (p<0.05) increased platelets in diabetic rats compared to that in the diabetic controls. The antioxidant activity study employing the 1,1-dipheny l-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) assay revealed that the extract exhibited a potent antioxidant activity with EC50 of 525.24±12.74 μg/ml closing to ascorbic acid (517.17±11.87 μg/ml). The results indicate that the leaf extract from M. caloneura possesses antidiabetic and antioxidant activities that are probably good for a treatment of diabetes.