Transfer-printing for the next generation of multi-junction solar cells

Transfer-printing is a key enabling technology for the realization of ultra-high-efficiency, mechanically stacked III–V solar cells with low cost. In this paper, we present the latest results for microscale CPV cells grown on GaAs and InP substrates for ultra-high-efficiency, four-terminal, mechanically stacked architectures. We describe the latest findings from a combination of modeling, growth, characterization and processing of tunnel junctions, single junction and multijunction solar cells, with the ultimate goal of using transfer-printing to produce the first solar cell with 50% conversion efficiency.