An efficient pipeline inspection on heterogeneous relay nodes in wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become an effective technique in monitoring water, oil, and gas pipelines. Wireless sensor nodes have played a greater role in multidimensional applications such as tactical monitoring, weather monitoring, and battlefield detecting. Combined wireless nodes create a network in a distributed manner. They can provide accurate results in both aboveground and underground. However, there are some challenges in propagating the signal in the underground. In underground pipeline communications, sensor nodes detect the signal and forward it to the relay node, which is placed in aboveground. Our study is designed to reduce the propagating delay and to allocate channel in optimal relay node selection by using a heterogeneous network.