Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna Using a Switchable Frequency Selective Surface With Improved Bandwidth

In this letter, a pattern-reconfigurable antenna with enhanced bandwidth and narrow beamwidth is presented. The antenna has a nonagon shape using a switchable frequency selective surface surrounding a radiating source. The proposed switchable frequency selective surface is designed, analyzed, and implemented. PIN diodes are integrated in the frequency selective surface structure to switch the antenna radiation beam in the azimuth plane with nine steps 40
^°
each. The antenna is characterized by its wide operating frequency band 3.4-3.7 GHz and its narrow half-power beamwidth, which is 34
^°
. Obtained simulated and experimental results show good performances in terms of matching bandwidth, gain, and radiation pattern. The peak measured gain is around 8.6 dBi.