High-gain circular polarization monopole antenna using MS for GNSS

A high-gain circular-polarization (CP) monopole antenna based on metasurface (MS) for Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) applications is presented. The antenna consists of two S-shaped monopoles, a Wilkinson power divider, a 90°-phase shifter, a defected ground structure (DGS) and a MS reflector. The monopoles are meandered and designed to resonate at about 1.60 GHz and placed perpendicular to each other on the substrate. The input signal is divided into two signals with equal amplitude and 90°-phase difference by the power divider and the phase shifter to generate a right-handed circularly polarized (RHCP) signal. The boresight gain of the antenna is increased using the MS reflector. Simulation results on return loss, axial ratio, radiation patterns, boresight gain, and efficiency are presented.