Luminosity lifetime in the Tevatron collider

The luminosity lifetime of the Tevatron was measured under a variety of conditions. The authors present results for the lifetimes and analyze them in terms of the contributions from various sources of emittance growth and intensity lifetimes. These data have been used to make improvements to the Tevatron, resulting in longer luminosity lifetimes. It is found that the luminosity lifetime of the Tevatron collider can be understood in terms of beam lifetimes and transverse emittance growth. The beam intensity lifetimes are well understood. The transverse emittance growth rates have been calculated. The limiting value is 0.2 pi mm-mrd/h, determined from intrabeam scattering. The measured rates are 0.48 pi mm-mrd/h for protons and 0.41 pi mm-mrd/h for antiprotons. Both the proton-only store, in which the individual bunch intensities varied by a factor of ten, and the proton-antiproton stores, in which the antiproton intensities are a factor of two to ten, less than the proton intensities, show that intrabeam scattering effects are not yet observed.<>