GAE3BR: Genetic algorithm based energy efficient and energy balanced routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

The most important task of Wireless Sensor Networks is to gather the information after sensing specified region and pass the same to remotely placed Base Station (BS) directly or by using multi hop communication. In such networks, consumption of energy is one of the most important constraints. In this research article, we discuss an approach to minimize and balance the energy consumption. The proposed algorithm is based on Genetic Algorithm (GA) and it generates such routing scheme which considers both energy balancing and energy efficiency. In proposed algorithm energy consumption issue is considered by minimizing the total distance covered in a round. The Energy balancing issue is taken care by consideration of diverting the incoming traffic of less residual energy relay node to high residual energy relay node. Based on current network state our algorithm quickly computes a new routing schedule. The experimental result shows that the proposed algorithm performs better than the existing techniques.