Market clearing model for microgrids with probabilistic reserve

This paper proposes an energy-reserve market clearing model for microgrids which considers a probability reserve criteria. The probabilistic reserve criteria include pre-selected scenarios associated to the unreliability of generators and uncertainties caused by loads and renewable units. Unlike traditional deterministic reserve-constrained market clearing models, this paper determines the optimal amount of reserve as the point in which the sum of its operating costs and the expected cost of load shed reach a minimum. The proposed model is formulated as a stochastic programming problem oriented to co-optimize two electricity markets. The first market is the hour-ahead which evaluate the unit commitment and the energy-reserve scheduling before the realization of scenarios in the microgrid. The second is the balancing market that investigates the security assurance in the pre-selected scenarios of the microgrid. An energy management procedure was developed in order to implement the stochastic programming problem on the real microgrid ATENEA. From this, it was concluded that the reserve capacity of the microgrid throughout the scheduling horizon mainly varies according to the power output of renewable units.