Identification of optimal locations of PMUs for WAMPAC in smart grid environment

In recent years, implementation of smart grid technologies has been a prime focus in many countries. To have an accurate and precise information of vital power system parameters, PMUs play a major role in the wide area monitoring, protection and control (WAMPAC) of a smart grid. The placement of phasor measurement units (PMU) in electric transmission system has gained a lot of importance. This paper addresses the various aspects of optimal PMU placement using binary integer linear programming(BILP). Cases with and without zero injection buses have also been considered. Minimum PMU placement problem may have multiple solutions, therefore, two indices viz. BOI (Bus Observability Index) and SORI (System Observability Redundancy Index) have been proposed to further rank these solutions. Results on IEEE 14, 24, 30 and NE 39 bus systems have been presented. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can be used efficiently in optimal PMU placement.