High speed operation design considerations for fractional slot axial flux PMSM

This paper discusses intensively the design considerations for the fractional slot axial flux permanent magnet synchronous (AFPMSMs) in order to work efficiently in the constant power speed range, also known as the field weakening (FW) region. The dominant parameter in the constant power speed region is called the characteristic current which equals the ratio of the magnet flux linkage over the synchronous inductance (-ψ_m/L_s). Several machine parameters is affecting the characteristic current including the machine geometry and the winding configurations. In this paper, the effect of many of these parameters on the FW has been discussed; including the outer diameter, inner to outer diameter ratio, magnet size, slot opening width, slots per poles combinations,and the multi phase configurations for the Axial flux permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). Two main governors are considered to evaluate the parameters' impact on the machine overall performance; the rated machine efficiency and the torque to weight ratio at the highest values. Selection of these governors is application driven where these governors are the most influencing factors on the axial flux PMSM design. The results of the present analysis show that the fine tuning of the discussed machine parameters would derive the motor to work in the required Constant Power Speed Region (CPSR) keeping the required high efficiency and torque to weight ratio. A previously proved analytical model has been used in this study to overcome the highly time consumption in the finite element model (FEM).