Energy consumption model of an electric vehicle

Electric vehicles are gaining more popularity. Governments from both developed countries and of high-pollution developing countries are pushing towards more research for such vehicles. Marked by their zero carbon footprints, environmental groups strongly support these vehicles. For these reasons sales have been increasing steadily in the past few years. Due to that fact that it's still a new field, a lot of work relating to the electric vehicle technology is yet to be analyzed and developed. Electric vehicle powertrain optimization, routing, modeling, and path planning are some of these examples. In this paper, we present a model that represents the energy consumption acting on the high voltage battery of an electric vehicle. Most factors whether they are passive or active are presented and applied in the formulation. The model is then tested using a 2013 Fiat 500e electric vehicle. Finally, the generated results are compared to the captured real world data. Data analysis showed that the error between the model-generated numbers and the measured values averaged less than 1.5%. To add more validity to the results, data was captured from more than 200 driven miles with over 20 different test drives.