Novel enhancements for node localization in Wireless Sensor Networks

Localization is a significant consideration in a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), as it is essential to correlate sensor information with the geographic location it originates from. The DV-Hop algorithm, being a range-free, distributed algorithm, is an attractive option in this regard, due to its simplicity. In this paper, we present two algorithms to improve the localization accuracy of the DV-Hop algorithm. The Hop Size derived through a distributed fashion by the DV-Hop algorithm is optimized using the knowledge of the position of the anchor nodes. The locations of the unknown nodes are then estimated using the optimum hop size. We examine the performance of the proposed algorithms through simulations in environments with varying node numbers, anchor ratios and radio range. The results show that the proposed algorithms have improved performance in localization accuracy and stability compared to the original DV-Hop algorithm.