Smart sensors based monitoring system for agriculture using field programmable gate array

Monitoring of environmental factors is significant over the last few decades. In particular, monitoring agricultural environments for various factors such as temperature, moisture, humidity along with other factors can be of more significance. A traditional approach to measure these factors in an agricultural environment meant individuals manually taking measurements and checking them at various times. To avoid this, it is necessary to document the detail changes in environmental parameters by the use of technologies helping for both Le. to improve the yield as well as to reduce the man efforts. The objective of this project was to develop a smart sensor based monitoring system for agricultural environment using field programmable gate array (FPGA) which comprised of wireless protocol, different types of sensors, microcontroller, serial protocol and the field programmable gate array with display element. Different types of sensors such as temperature, soil moisture and relative humidity senses the data in agricultural environment and provide it to microcontroller, interfaced with the wireless bluetooth module. A pair of transmitter and receiver wireless module helps in transmitting and receiving the data which is then fed to FPGA using a serial communication protocol UART. Data are displayed on LCD unit to monitor the system. Relays are interfaced with FPGA acting as a controlling element according to conditions provided to it.