Current reduction on the ground plane using quarter-wavelength element

This study presents a way to reduce the current on the ground plane of small terminal using a quarter-wavelength additional element in the vicinity of antenna element, which does not required a balun, specific antenna form or trimming of the ground plane. We analyze the basic antenna characteristics and confirm the effect of the additional element employing nearby object, such as human hand or infinite PEC ground plane. In this paper, it is confirmed that the current on the ground plane is reduced and the radiation efficiency and gain improve by loading the additional element.