Measurement-based evaluation of cooperative awareness for V2V and V2I communication

We analyze the efficacy of cooperative awareness enabled by periodic message exchange between vehicles and roadside infrastructure. To measure cooperative awareness, we use three metrics: 1) neighborhood awareness ratio; 2) ratio of neighbors above range; and 3) packet delivery rate. Using the measurement data collected within the scope of the DRIVE-C2X project in four European test sites, we analyze the efficacy of cooperative awareness in urban, suburban, and highway environments. Further, we investigate the ability of periodic message exchange to enable cooperative awareness for both Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) links and with different effective transmit power levels. Our results show that: i) the efficacy of cooperative awareness varies greatly in different environments; ii) V2V and V2I communication have distinct awareness and interference patterns; and iii) high awareness levels imply high interference; therefore, a balance needs to be found between them, depending on the context that the vehicles are in.