Electrophysical methods of bacteriological disinfection of water medium

Summary form only given. For effective use of reserved energy of a source in various technological applications, researches of pulse discharges in water, represent a great interest [1-3]. Impact of the high electric fields on water medium causes a some physical processes, directed on cleaning of drinking water and wastewater from dangerous bacteria and viruses. Using of asymmetrical electrode system in water and pulsed microsecond discharges, it is possible to realize as thermal and electric physical processes, such as, water boiling up, electrolysis, formation of gas inclusions by various concentrations nearly anode and cathode, ionization processes inside of them, formation of oxygen ions and ozone, visible and UV-radiations, ionization waves, in a complex disinfected the water medium. It should be noted, that concentration of hydrogen gas inclusions nearly cathode exceeds the concentration of oxygen ones near the anode. Therefore, at small tension amplitudes and at negative polarity the discharge delay time is less, than at positive one. By increase of tension amplitude the delay time is decreased, but distribution speed of plasma channels, in comparison with negative polarity, is increased. At negative polarity of tension the distribution speed of plasma channels inside of gas inclusions is lower than the sound speed in water, but at positive tension polarity and on big tension amplitudes, it can be reached - 5*10⁶ cm/s, that is much more, than sound speed in water. Therefore, it is more preferable to apply the electrode system with positive tension polarity for realization of electro physical disinfection of water medium. This method can replace the using of ecologically dangerous chemical reagents (chlorine) for water disinfection. After such treatment, the sharp decrease of main bacteriological indicators: total microbe number, concentration of the koliformn, thermotolerant bacteria and coliphages is observed: Their values are much lower the norm in international standards. At impact of high voltage pulses on a bacteriological cell, there are the explosive processes in its layers, transparent for some metal ions in water. As a result, the strong electric fields get into the cell's cytoplasm, and further in nuclear, finally caused a stop of their further growth and development. Considering an efficiency and ecological purity of this purification method, we can apply it, entirely or partially, for disinfection of drinking water and wastewater instead of chlorination process.