Time domain reflectometry using IR-UWB CMOS integrated circuits for breast cancer detection

A three dimensional imaging system based on time domain reflectometry (TDR) was developed by use of impulse-radio ultrawide-band (IR-UWB) complementary metal oxide semiconductor integrated circuits (CMOS-IC) with a planar antenna array for a breast cancer detection. A 4×4 planar UWB antenna array having the size of 62 mm × 70.4 mm was developed. Gaussian monocycle pulses (GMP) having the pulse width of 145 ps and the bandwidth of 10 GHz were digitally generated by 65 nm logic-CMOS transmitter and the received signal was converted to digital data by an equivalent time sampling CMOS-IC at the sampling rate of 100 GS/s.