Design of Radiation-Pattern-Reconfigurable Antenna With Four Beams

This letter presents a novel radiation-pattern-reconfigurable antenna that could operate in four directions without any antenna servo system. This is achieved by changing the wave director and wave reflector via appropriate p-i-n diodes. The reconfigurable antenna is incorporated within the four symmetrical wave detectors or wave reflectors to form the structure. The antenna can cover all directions in the azimuth plane (
$xy$
-plane) by controlling the states (on or off) of four p-i-n diodes. The achieved maximum gain of the antenna is 5.08 dB. A good agreement is found between the simulated and the measured results. Further advantages of the introduced antenna design are its easy fabrication process and its low cost.