A circularly polarized array with directive, electrically small parasitic antenna elements

A 2 × 2 circularly polarized array antenna consisting of four electrically small parasitic antenna elements is proposed. Each antenna in the array uses top loading and a folded driver to decrease the overall size of the antenna array. The total volume of the array is 0.67λ × 0.67λ × 0.08λ. The array has a maximum gain of 11.5 dBi and a 3-dB beam width of 50° in both the xz and yz planes.