Sensitivity evaluation of microwave imaging systems employing scattering-parameter measurements

A method of evaluating contrast sensitivity of microwave imaging systems employing scattering-parameter measurements is proposed. This method returns an estimation of the smallest detectable permittivity contrast for a given target size or vice versa. The method assumes weakly scattering targets. The outcomes of the proposed simulation-based and measurement-based methods are compared for the case of a realistic tissue-imaging system. The intention of the proposed methodology is to provide a common means to quantify and compare the performance of microwave systems, antennas, or sensors used in tissue imaging.