A hybrid solenoid model comprising eddy currents

In modern injection systems and pneumatic valves the volume flow is commonly adjusted by controlling the electromagnet. The influence of eddy currents on the dynamic response of the nonlinear magnetic system is well covered in the recent literature. The large scale actuators like high force lifting magnets with strong nonlinearities require a high fidelity model, due to the big air gap change. Furthermore, the ohmic losses caused by eddy currents have to be taken into account during dynamic operation. It is shown in the paper that the nonlinear eddy current problem can be approximated using quasi-static finite element methods and magnetic equivalent circuits. A comparison of the hybrid model with finite element methods shows a promising coherence.