Energy efficient clustering scheme based on grid optimization using genetic algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Energy efficiency is one of most important parameter to consider while designing the wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we proposed energy efficient clustering scheme based on grid optimization using genetic algorithm. In this scheme, the given sensing field divided into the virtual grids and each grid represents a cluster. Genetic algorithm is used to optimize the grids in order to equal the number of nodes in each grid which leads to equal traffic load on each cluster and enhance the lifetime of network. In this scheme, the residual energy of nodes is considered during selection of cluster head in order to balance the energy of network. For comparison LEACH, improved version of LEACH, EE-LEACH, LEACH-MIMO and Energy efficient cooperative MIMO (EE-LEACH-MIMO) schemes are considered. Simulation results show that, our scheme performs better as compared to the mentioned schemes in terms of more load balancing, energy saving and enhancement of network lifetime.