Study on biometric authentication systems, challenges and future trends: A review

User authentication in computer system is done based on certain security measures like passwords, keys, id cards, pin etc. however, the misuse and theft of these security measures are also increasing due to day by day advancement of technology. This led to the birth of biometric security systems in which the authentication of an individual is done based on a feature vector derived from physiological and/or behavioral characteristics of a human being by using biometrics technology, an individual can be authenticated based on “who he is” rather. In order to help beginners chose their research area or a particular biometric technology, all the emerging biometric technologies and challenges in each technology have been discussed in this paper in detail. Future trends in biometric technologies are also discussed.