Possibilities and limitations of measuring the energy of direct solar radiation

Previous research shows that the most of the energy needs in the near future is going to be satisfied mainly from conventional forms of energy, but it is important to take into account, that in the period of preparation, design and implementation of power plants that use conventional forms of energy occurs, as a rule, a number of serious problems, limitations and conflict resolution around the many harmful effects on the environment. Energy analysis point to the fact that, except of work at the discovering of additional reserves and improving the procedures and technologies in the use of conventional energy sources, it is necessary to do much more researches on possibility for better and massive use of new, so-called alternative forms of energy, especially energy of direct solar radiation, wind and biomass. In order to avoid unnecessary loss of time and resources, with more intensive use of technological developments it is necessary that in each specific area and example make a quality research, measurement, evaluation, calculation and analysis of available resources, and only based on them, to plan the next steps for optimal satisfaction of fast-growing energy needs. In this paper, the possibilities of the most commonly used means and methods for measuring the energy of direct solar radiation, and their main advantages and disadvantages in specific conditions will be analyzed. Based on the review and analysis of available literature it will be carried out detailed evaluation and analysis of ways of selection suitable measurement methods for measurement locations and the use of different measurement parameters, necessary devices and equipment, taking into account the specific conditions of application. It will be given the results of measurements in Montenegro which will be compared with other methods for assessment of solar power at the specific location. According to those comparisons appropriate analysis will be conducted. Also, the aim of this work is to determine the optimum angles for the installation of solar collectors and photovoltaic cells in order to obtain maximal intensity of radiation at their surfaces.