Two-dimensional multiple beam forming using slab-waveguide-implemented photonic beam forming network

A slab-waveguide-implemented photonic beam forming network (BFN) applicable to two-dimensional multiple beam forming is proposed. The design point is the use of grating lobes. A slab waveguide design is presented that achieves flexible beam arrangement from variously arranged planar arrays. As an example, a two-dimensional 9 beam formation is demonstrated using a slab waveguide fabricated on a SiO/sub 2/-Si substrate.