Discussion and Experimental Verification on the Relations of Polarization, Deformation and Induced Voltage of Piezoelectric Material

The poling process is described by force analysis for the dipoles inside of the piezoelectric material. The inducing process of electric charges of piezoelectric material under deformation of shrink or stretch along the poling direction is observed. In this case, three sandwiched cantilever models with one or two piezoelectric layers connected in series or parallel are designed and fabricated. Then, under an initially instant excitation, the generation of the induced positive and negative electric charges on the surface of the piezoelectric layers polarized along the thickness direction is analyzed and measured. Finally, experimental measurements verify theoretical results strongly.