New proposal for the assessment of the impact of EVs, smart charging and V2G on the grid

The substitution of the conventional fleet with plug-in Electric Vehicles (EVs) is one possible path towards the decarbonisation and more sustainability of private transportation. However, benefits related to a high number of vehicles, and the measures that could mitigate negative effects on the electric grid have to be assessed. In this paper a new model is presented for investigating the effect of a high-medium penetration of EVs on a local grid and their role on the emissions reduction. Besides it allows analyzing how the smart charging and the Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) options can reduce the additional load or even support the power grid stability. Pro and cons are presented and a case study is proposed.