Introduction to hybrid electric vehicles: State of art

HEVs are key areas for researchers due to the fact of regulations on emissions & fuel economy, global warming & energy resources utilities. In this paper, history, fundamentals, topologies and types of HEVs are reviewed. The comparison between HEVs and PHEVs is discussed, also the challenges that the HEVs are facing and how they can be checked is discussed. Many papers on state of art can be gathered but in this paper the technical specifications & comparison of latest top rated HEVs of 2012 are discussed.