Software controlled mechanically reconfigurable antennas for cognitive radio

The ability of a communication protocol to dynamically sense and access the spectrum has increased the efficiency of communication systems. This dynamic communication scheme also known as cognitive radio is intelligent and able to learn and adapt to new environments and wireless communication channels. Cognitive radio has various requirements and depends vastly on the type of communication standard that is available. Thus cognitive radio is divided into two main categories: Spectrum interweave and spectrum underlay. In this work we only discuss antennas for spectrum interweave cognitive radio.