Fault location by pulse time modulation

THE PROBLEM of locating faults on a power line has long plagued the power industry. It is particularly trouble-some since approximately 90 per cent of all faults are not sustained and hence the location of the fault must be determined on an instantaneous basis. In order to keep a record of the time and location of all faults, a method based on the measurement of the time required for a wave to travel from the fault to a substation appears most practical.