Robust beamforming for coherent signals in the presence of steering vector and correlation matrix errors

Based on the uniform linear array structure and the spatial-smoothing technique, a robust beamformer for the reception of coherent signals is proposed by considering both the steering vector error and the sample correlation matrix error. The resultant constrained optimisation problem is transformed into a generalised eigenvector problem and three implementations are studied, including forward-only, forward-backward, and real-valued cases, supported by simulation results.