Traceability of frequency control systems

Traceability of frequency transfers in frequency control systems needs to be unambiguously defined and measured. Until now the Allan deviation has been used as a good approximation because exact calculation seemed to be beyond practicality. With the help of the A-B structure factors, which we developed [1], it is almost trivial to link the standard uncertainty in frequency transfer to the Allan deviation in an easy and unambiguous way, answering the need for compliance to a formal definition of traceability frequency transfer.