Evaluation of single-phase metering practices based on meter performance and load characteristics

To evaluate such choices as rating, type, make, and service period for meters, a method is developed for determining the error in measurement of total energy taken by customers. Also, a method is developed for determining the optimum economical service period for meters. In a discussion of statistical methods for estimating the fraction of meters operating beyond acceptable accuracy limits, it is shown that normal distribution of meter errors should not be assumed. Findings are presented regarding meter errors, customers' load characteristics, error in total energy measurement, optimum service period, and fraction of meters operating beyond accuracy limits. It is concluded that the present ruling on length of service period should be changed to one that limits the fraction of meters beyond accuracy limits. This ruling should lead to improved metering and very significant savings because of longer service periods.