Characterization of interdigitated electrode structures for water contaminant detection using a hybrid voltage divider and a vector network analyzer

Interdigitated capacitive electrode structures have been used to monitor or actuate over organic and electrochemical media in efforts to characterize biochemical properties. This article describes a method to perform a pre-characterization of interdigitated electrode structures using two methods: a hybrid voltage divider (HVD) and a vector network analyzer (VNA). Both methodologies develop some tests under two different conditions: free air and bi-distilled water media. Also, the HVD methodology is used for other two conditions: phosphate buffer with laccase (polyphenoloxidase; EC 1.10.3.2) and contaminated media composed by a mix of phosphate buffer and 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS). The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a characterization methodology using both, a hybrid voltage divider and VNA T-# network impedance models of the interdigitated capacitive electrode structure that will provide a shunt RC network of particular interest in detecting the amount of contamination existing in the water solution for the media conditions. This methodology should provide us with the best possible sensitivity in monitoring water contaminant media characteristics. The results show that both methods, the hybrid voltage divider and the VNA methodology, are feasible in determining impedance modeling parameters. These parameters can be used to develop electric interrogation procedures and devices such as dielectric characteristics to identify contaminant substances in water solutions.