Space-time signal processing for wireless communications: a survey

This survey paper reviews space-time signal processing (STP) in mobile wireless communications. Space-time processing refers to manipulating signals that are received at or transmitted from an antenna array so as to improve performance. We focus on antenna arrays deployed at the base stations since such applications are of current practical interest. We first introduce channel and signal models for base station antennas, and present the different structures present in the channel model after sampling and stacking the received signals. We then present single user (SU) and multiple user (MU) space-time processing techniques for the reverse link. Our focus is on blind signal separation, and intersymbol/co-channel interference cancellation. We consider a number of recent advances in batch and adaptive blind space-time processing that show promise in solving these problems.