Modeling the Congestion Pricing Problem with Multi-Roads under Environmental Pollution

In considering the problem of environmental pollution, a bi-level programming model on the congestion pricing problem with multi-roads is proposed. The environmental pollution problem is described by the vehicle exhaust emission. The upper problem is to minimize the environmental pollution, and maximize the origin-destination (O-D) demand. The lower problem is a user equilibrium problem under elastic demand. This paper introduces a step acceleration algorithm to solve the model. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the applications of the proposed model and algorithm.