The waveform analysis and signal processing for space-borne MIMO-SAR

For the urgent need of waveform suitable for Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output SAR, three kinds of waveforms, which are representative for the Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output SAR, are investigated and compared in this paper. The practicality of these waveforms are evaluated by performing the imaging simulation with the distribute target. The waveform separation and energy separation rules for echoes of Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output SAR are proposed. On the basis of this, we arrive the conclusion that multiple aperture sub-band synthetic technique is an appropriate method to Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output SAR at the state-of-the-art level. The principle and implementation steps are presented in detail, the corresponding filter is derived and the image algorithm is proposed. The effectiveness and feasibility of the method were demonstrated with computer simulations.