Robust design of UWB antennas using response surface approximations and manifold mapping

A robust methodology for simulation-driven design optimization of UWB antennas is presented. The key component of the proposed framework is the low-fidelity model constructed through the response-surface approximation of the coarse-discretization EM simulation data of the antenna structure under consideration. The low-fidelity model is subsequently used by the modified manifold mapping (MM) algorithm that is capable of yielding an optimized antenna design at a low cost of a handful of high-fidelity antenna simulations. The modifications introduced to the MM algorithm ensure its good convergence properties. Two UWB antenna design examples are presented.