Optical fiber refractometers based on sputtered indium tin oxide coatings

This work presents the fabrication of optical fiber refractometers based on indium tin oxide (ITO) coatings deposited by sputtering with response in the visible spectral region. ITO thin-films have been sputtered by employing a rotating mechanism that enables the fabrication of smooth and homogeneous coatings onto the optical fiber core. Fabricated ITO coated optical fiber devices present several resonances in the visible and near infrared region. These resonances show high optical power attenuations (more than 10 dB) in the visible spectral region, which produces changes in the colour of the output visible light. Therefore, since these resonances shift as a function of the refractive index (RI) of the surrounding medium it is feasible to determine the RI of the outer medium in contact with the ITO coating by simply monitoring the chromatic coordinates (colour change), x and y, of the visible output light.