The Simulation of Effective Dose of Human Body from External Exposure by Monte Carlo Methods

In practical dose estimation work of radiation protection, organ absorbed dose and effective dose are immeasurable. To acquire effective dose of human body, this paper is focused on Monte Carlo calculation with two monoenergic photons--ADAM phantom and EVE phantom, 0.3MeV and 1.0MeV photon beams, and irradiation from six different angles respectively-AP irradiation geometry, PA irradiation geometry, LAT irradiation geometry, overhead irradiation geometry, underfoot irradiation geometry and arbitrary irradiation geometry. Compared to the reference activities of ICRP 51, the calculated activities using ADAM phantom and EVE phantom had a relative error in 4%. The results indicate that, ADAM phantom and EVE phantom can simulate the human body effective dose perfectly, and the effective dose of female exceeds that of male entirely.