From inter-system to ICs level, VCSEL as a key component for optoelectronic active interconnects, a survey

The purpose of this paper is to show the determinant role of Vertical surface Emitting lasers (VCSEL's) in current optical interconnects. We compare VCSEL based approach to to MQW-Modulator based one. We give then some application examples for intersystem and inter MCM. Finally we give a projection of VCSEL based optical interconnects at the chip level for both I/O (Input/Output) and intra chip communication to overcome copper limitations.