EM-TCAD solving from 0–100 THz: A new implementation of an electromagnetic solver

This paper deals with reformulating the electromagnetic field equations for a combined EM and TCAD approach in such a way that both extreme high and low frequencies can be solved. The importance of the method is found in eliminating the need for direct solvers which are restricted in application to very large systems. We elaborate on the numerical recipe for finding field solutions using the generic TCAD procedure based on the Newton-Raphson method combined with iterative solvers.